Cadences

Deceptive Cadence

A ii-V that lands on vi instead of I: the harmony sidesteps to the relative minor where the ear expects the tonic.

Tempo 120 BPM

Practice in all 12 keys

Bar 1: Dm7 ii7
Bar 2: G7 V7
Bar 3: Am7 vi7
Bar 4: the bar before again, Am7

Rootless Shells Guide tones Rooted shells Rooted Drop 2

Four-note rootless voicings in their two forms, with the 3rd or the 7th on the bottom, played over the root.

Customize each chord

Meter: 4/4
Bars: 4

The vi chord shares two notes with the I chord, so it sounds like a resolution with a twist, and it keeps the music moving towards another cadence. Songwriters use it to stretch a phrase before the real ending. Practice the V7 to vi with the dominant’s 3rd rising to the root of vi and its 7th falling to the 5th.

Reharmonize Analyze these changes

Passing diminished chords

Dm7 G7 G#dim7 Am7

Diminished 7ths on the half steps between chords a whole step apart, or in place of a dominant whose 3rd is a half step above the chord before.

Reharmonize Analyze these changes

Passing diminished chords